Ultraviolet (UV) rays are an invisible form of radiation which reaches us as long wavelengths known as UVA and short wavelengths known as UVB, they penetrate your skin and damage the skin cells. Sunburns caused from UVB are a definite sign of skin damage. Suntans are also harmful to the skin as they appear after the sun’s rays have killed and damaged skin cells. UV rays can cause skin damage during any season or at any temperature.

Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer in the United States. Of the three common types of skin cancers melanoma which occurs when cancer forms in the melanocytes (skin cells that make pigment) is the most dangerous; younger persons are more predisposed to melanoma.

Persons more susceptible to sun exposure are those with pale skin, blonde, red or light brown hair, and people who are treated for skin cancer or have a family history of skin cancer. Persons that are on medications such as antibiotics and heart medicine will be more sensitive to the sun and should therefore be more diligent in sun protection measures. Regardless of this fact we all need to ensure proper measures are taken to avoid sun exposure.

Protect Yourself against Sun Exposure

• Avoid outdoor activities and direct sun exposure during the hours between 10 AM and 4 PM, These are peak radiation hours when the sun’s rays are the strongest.
• Always wear a broad-spectrum (protection against both UVA and UVB) sunscreen with a Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of 15 or higher. It is recommended for persons to use sunscreens on a daily basis, even when they are indoors as UV radiation exposure may still occur.
• Apply the sunscreen 30 minutes before sun exposure and reapply as needed, especially after swimming or heavy perspiration.
• Wear wide-brimmed hats, and clothing that will cover your arms and legs. Dark colored clothing will give more protection but be cautious of heat temperatures to avoid heat-related illnesses.
• Wear wraparound sunglasses that block 99 to 100-percent of UVA and UVB radiation.
• Wear cosmetics, contact lenses and lip protectors that offer UV protection.
• Consult with your doctor about drug-induced sun sensitivity.
• Avoid sunlamps and tanning beds.
• Perfrom skin self-exams regularly to become familiar with existing growths and to notice any changes or new growths. Look out for changes in the size, shape, color or feel of birthmarks, moles and spots.
• Children under 6 months should not be exposed to the sun.